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Home > NEWS & EVENTS > Industry News

How A Crane Works？

Publication Date: 2023-08-07 Promulgator:Admin Clicks:18 Back

Hoisting machinery is a kind of machinery that can lift vertically and move objects horizontally within a certain range. It is an important tool and equipment for modern industrial enterprises to realize mechanization and automation of production processes and improve the production efficiency of heavy manual labor.

At present, it is usually classified according to the main purpose and structural characteristics of the crane. Classified according to the main purpose, it can be divided into general cranes, construction cranes, metallurgical cranes, port cranes, railway cranes and shipbuilding cranes, etc.; Rotating cranes, stationary cranes and operating cranes. Running cranes are further divided into rail-running (running on a fixed track) and trackless (running with tires or crawler support without a specified track).

So how does the crane work? The main work is divided into four items, namely lifting, running, luffing and rotating.

"Lifting" is to lift heavy objects, which can meet the requirements of vertical lifting of heavy objects. As the most basic item in crane work, it is the soul of the entire lifting work; if objects need to be moved horizontally, use The second job is "running"; "luffing" is to lift long-distance objects by changing the length and angle of the crane jib; after the lifting is completed, if you want to transport the heavy objects back , the fourth job comes in handy, that is, "swivel", the rotating jib around the crane for transfer.

These four tasks constitute the complete operating system of the crane. In the daily work of the crane, whether it is a single work item or a combined work item, it can accurately move the item to the designated position.

In fact, the wise ancients also began to build the prototype of the crane early.

In 10 BC, the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius described a lifting machine in his architectural manual. This machine has a mast with a pulley on the top of the mast. The position of the mast is fixed by a guy cable, and the cable passing through the pulley is pulled by a winch to lift the heavy object. Some super-heavy machinery can use two masts to form a herringbone shape to move the hoisted object laterally, but the range is very small and the operation is very laborious.

In the 15th century, Italy invented the jib crane. In the middle and late 18th century, after the British Watt improved and invented the steam engine, it provided power conditions for lifting machinery. In 1805, English engineer Lenny built the first batch of steam overweight machines for the London Dockyard.

In the early 20th century, Europe began to use tower cranes. With the advancement of technology, cranes can now be divided into light and small lifting equipment, bridge type (bridge type, gantry crane), jib type (self-propelled, tower type) according to their structural forms. type, portal type, railway type, pontoon type, mast crane), cable type and other categories.

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